ToxicHarm

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>> Toxic harm

Conrad Simon
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© Copyright 1999-2008
Eileen Nicole Simon

Conrad Simon Memorial Research Initiative

Evidence of harm by toxic substances
. . .

Troncoso JC, Johnston MV, Hess KM, Griffin JW, Price DL Model of Wernicke's
encephalopathy. Arch Neurol. 1981 Jun;38(6):350-4.
Vingan RD, Dow-Edwards ML, Riley EP. Cerebral metabolic alterations in rats following
prenatal alcohol exposure: a deoxyglucose study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1986 Jan-Feb;10(1):
22-6.
Torvik A. Topographic distribution and severity of brain lesions in Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Clin Neuropathol. 1987 Jan-Feb;6(1):25-9.
Vortmeyer AO, Hagel C, Laas R. Haemorrhagic thiamine deficient encephalopathy following
prolonged parenteral nutrition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1992 Sep;55(9):826-9

Full Text Free (see figure 2, bottom on p827 - hemorrhagic damage of the inferior colliculi)

Grünwald F, Schröck H, Biersack HJ, Kuschinsky W. Changes in local cerebral glucose
utilization in the awake rat during acute and chronic administration of ethanol. J Nucl Med.
1993 May;34(5):793-8. Full Text Free
Bertoni JM, Sprenkle PM. Lead acutely reduces glucose utilization in the rat brain especially in
higher auditory centers. Neurotoxicology. 1988 Summer;9(2):235-42.
Oyanagi K, Ohama E, Ikuta F. The auditory system in methyl mercurial intoxication: a
neuropathological investigation on 14 autopsy cases in Niigata, Japan. Acta Neuropathol.
1989;77(6):561-8.
Cavanagh JB. Methyl bromide intoxication and acute energy deprivation syndromes.
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1992 Dec;18(6):575-8.
Cavanagh JB, Nolan CC. The neurotoxicity of alpha-chlorohydrin in rats and mice: II. Lesion
topography and factors in selective vulnerability in acute energy deprivation syndromes.
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1993 Dec;19(6):471-9.
Husain K, Whitworth C, Hazelrigg S, Rybak L. Carboplatin-induced oxidative injury in rat
inferior colliculus. Int J Toxicol. 2003 Sep-Oct;22(5):335-42.
Morgan DL, Little PB, Herr DW, Moser VC, Collins B, Herbert R, Johnson GA, Maronpot RR,
Harry GJ, Sills RC. Neurotoxicity of carbonyl sulfide in F344 rats following inhalation exposure
for up to 12 weeks. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Oct 15;200(2):131-45.

. . .
Note: Toxic substances lead to hemorrhagic damage due to increased blood flow, a compensatory
mechanism that attempts to increase oxygen delivery. Ischemic injury was found in the same
brainstem sites of monkeys subjected to asphyxia. Compare figure 2 in the paper by Vortmeyer et al.
above with the ischemic damage of the inferior colliculi on p79 of the paper by Windle (1969 ).